Ratha-yatra, or the Festival of Chariots, is a joyous event
celebrated for thousands of years in the Indian holy city of Jagannatha
Puri, and more recently by Hare Krishna devotees in cities around the
world. Another name for Krishna, Jagannatha refers to the ecstatic form
of the Lord with large eyes and rugged features who is carried on a
gigantic chariot during this festival (and worshiped in an ancient
temple at the center of Jagannath Puri.)
As the story goes, Lord Krishna once overheard a conversation about
how His dearest devotees, the cowherd maidens of Vrindavana, were
lamenting in His absence. When He heard these accounts of overwhelming
love in separation, the Lord’s hair began to stand on end, His eyes
opened wide and filled with tears, and His arms and legs contracted as
He went into a state of spiritual ecstasy. Seeing Lord Krishna in this
condition, His elder brother, Balarama (Baladeva), also began to feel
ecstatic symptoms and displayed similar features. When Their sister,
Subhadra, arrived at the scene, she too became consumed with ecstatic
joy. Thus the sublime deity forms of Jagannatha, Subhadra, and Baladeva
represent this sweet pastime.
The festival of Ratha-yatra represents Lord Jagannatha’s longing to
reunite with His dear devotees in Vrindavana, foremost among them,
Srimati Radharani. According to tradition, the Lord gets lovesick once a
year just prior to the festival. To cheer him up, His servants arrange
for Him to go on a lavish procession to meet up with His devotees. Lord
Jagannatha rides on a grand, three-story-high chariot, accompanied by
thousands of onlookers and marching bands with scores of drummers,
singers, and dancers. India’s colonial British rulers coined the term
“juggernaut” from the large, heavy chariot used to celebrate this
festival in the city of Jagannatha Puri.
Five hundred years ago, Lord Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the combined
incarnation of Radha-Krishna, encouraged all of His followers to
celebrate Ratha-yatra with great enthusiasm. His biographies (such as
Chaitanya Charitamrita) list many anecdotes surrounding the Ratha-yatra
festival. It is said that Chaitanya Mahaprabhu got down on His hands and
knees to scrub the Gundicha temple where Lord Jagannatha would stay at
the end of the Ratha-yatra parade.
Srila Prabhupada, the founder of the Hare Krishna movement, was very
fond of Ratha-yatra. As a child he began celebrating Ratha-yatra when he
was five years old, using a small home-made cart and pulling it around
the neighborhood with his friends. Later in life, from 1967 until his
passing, Srila Prabhupada joined thousands of disciples in cities around
the world as they celebrated elaborate Ratha-yatra chariot festivals in
the streets of London, Paris, Sydney, Tokyo, San Francisco, Los
Angeles, and on New York’s prestigious Fifth Avenue.
Today, Hare Krishna devotees hold Ratha-yatra parades in many cities,
usually culminating in a “Festival of India” set up in a city park,
with festival tents, entertainment stages, free-feast booths, and a
variety of cultural displays and exhibits. Contact your nearest Hare
Krishna temple to find out about Ratha-yatras in your area.
Ratha-yatra signifies the Lord’s love for His devotees. He personally
comes to visit His devotees and the public who welcome Him in the
streets. Befitting the sentiment of its origins, Ratha-yatras in the
Hare Krishna movement also serve as reunions for devotees who come from
far and wide to participate, meeting up with old friends around their
common goal of serving Lord Jagannatha, Sri Krishna.